Which type of disorders specifically affect kidney function by targeting the glomeruli?

Glomerular disorders specifically target the glomeruli, which are the tiny filtering units within the kidneys responsible for filtering blood and producing urine. These disorders can lead to changes in the structure and function of the glomeruli, resulting in proteinuria (excess protein in urine), hematuria (blood in urine), and impaired kidney function. Conditions such as glomerulonephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis are all categorized under glomerular disorders, demonstrating their direct impact on kidney functionality through damage or alteration of the glomeruli themselves.

Other options like obstructive, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders, while they may affect kidney function, do not specifically target the glomeruli in the same way that glomerular disorders do. For example, obstructive disorders usually result from blockages in the urinary tract, inflammatory disorders might affect kidney tissue more broadly, and autoimmune disorders can affect various organs including kidneys but do not exclusively act on the glomeruli. Thus, the classification of glomerular disorders stands out as the correct answer in this context.