What is the primary characteristic of the cerebral cortex?

The primary characteristic of the cerebral cortex is that it has cell bodies and synapses. The cerebral cortex is the outermost layer of the brain, primarily composed of gray matter, where the cell bodies of neurons are located. This structure is crucial for various higher brain functions such as sensory perception, cognition, reasoning, and voluntary motor actions. The presence of synapses in the cortex is essential for communication between neurons, allowing for complex processing and integration of information.

In contrast to the gray matter of the cerebral cortex, white matter comprises myelinated axons that connect different brain regions. While white matter is essential for communication within the brain, it is not the primary characteristic of the cerebral cortex itself. The distinction between the two types of tissue is important, as it highlights the differences in function and structure within the brain. The cerebral cortex does not represent the deepest layer of the brain; instead, it is external and protective, making it a key player in the functions of the brain. Thus, the emphasis on cell bodies and synapses underscores its role in complex neural activities.