What condition is characterized by increased pressure leading to damage of the optic nerve?

The condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure leading to damage of the optic nerve is glaucoma. In glaucoma, the pressure buildup can result from a blockage of fluid drainage from the eye or overproduction of aqueous humor, which is the fluid in the eye. As the pressure increases, it compresses the optic nerve fibers, potentially leading to vision loss if not treated promptly. Early detection and management are crucial in preventing irreversible damage to the optic nerve and preserving vision. This is why glaucoma is commonly referred to as the "sneak thief of sight," as it often develops gradually without noticeable symptoms until significant damage has occurred.